List the assessment methods to be used and the context and resources required for assessment. Copy and paste the relevant sections from the evidence guide below and then re-write these in plain English.
ELEMENTS | PERFORMANCE CRITERIA |
Elements describe the essential outcomes. | Performance criteria describe the performance needed to demonstrate achievement of the element. Where bold italicised text is used, further information is detailed in the range of conditions. |
1. Identify four-wheel drive specific terms and terminology | 1.1 Access, interpret and apply information relevant to operating a four-wheel drive vehicle on unsealed roads. 1.2 Identify the structural and handling differences between a conventional two-wheel drive vehicle and a four-wheel drive vehicle. 1.3 Identify four-wheel drive techniques. |
2. Conduct checks of 4x4 vehicle and equipment | 2.1 Perform pre-start checks. 2.2 Secure loads in line with organisational, workplace safety and environmental requirements. 2.3 Select suitable navigation aids where necessary. 2.4 Advise passengers of any special safety precautions to be taken when traversing rough terrain. 2.5 Check that tyre pressure is suitable for terrain and that it is changed as required in line with organisational procedures. 2.6 Select and access maintenance equipment prior to departure after considering the contextual issues. |
3. Prepare for 4x4 operations | 3.1 Identify and follow work health and safety (WHS), environmental, and organisational requirements relevant to operating a 4x4 vehicle. 3.2 Determine type of operation and ensure safe operating conditions. 3.3 Establish communication with others and choose the required safety mechanisms in line with organisational requirements. |
4. Operate 4x4 vehicle on unsealed terrain types | 4.1 Continually monitor the track to identify hazards, assess risks, and select the best route in line with WHS and environmental requirements. 4.2 Identify situations where the engagement of four-wheel drive is required and engage front hubs or centre differential lock where fitted. 4.3 Use appropriate range, gear, speed, driving and braking technique to negotiate a range of terrain types while maintaining control of vehicle at all times. 4.4 Check brakes and undercarriage after negotiating varying terrain. 4.5 Park and shut down 4x4 vehicle in line with manufacturer specifications and organisational requirements. |
5. Operate 4x4 vehicle on a steep slope | 5.1 Inspect intended 4x4 vehicle path prior to negotiation of slope. 5.2 Use appropriate range, gear, speed, driving and braking technique to negotiate a steep slope, while maintaining control of vehicle. 5.3 Use control braking to ascend and descend, and avoid skidding. 5.4 Maintain traction in line with requirements of 4x4 vehicle. 5.5 Apply appropriate automatic and manual techniques when 4x4 vehicle cannot proceed any further on a steep slope due to traction problems. |
6. Perform maintenance and minor repairs on 4x4 vehicles | 6.1 Perform operational maintenance and minor repairs as detailed in the vehicle operator manual and report vehicle defects to the appropriate person. 6.2 Demonstrate safe use of a jack to support a 4x4 vehicle while changing a tyre under relevant road terrains and conditions within the operating environment 6.3 Clean and store 4x4 vehicle and equipment after use in line with manufacturer specifications and organisational procedures. 6.4 Document maintenance and minor repairs in line with organisational procedures. |
A person demonstrating competency in this unit must satisfy all of the elements, performance criteria and foundation skills of this unit. If a specific volume or frequency is not stated below, then evidence must be provided that the following requirements have been performed on at least one occasion:
follow applicable workplace safety, environmental and regulatory requirements and codes of practice relevant to operating a 4x4 vehicle
follow organisational policies and procedures relevant to operating a 4x4 vehicle, including:
own work role and responsibilities
procedural manuals
quality and continuous improvement
WHS, emergency and evacuation procedures
recording and reporting requirements
equipment use, maintenance and storage requirements
environmental management requirements
communicate and work safely with others in rough terrain when operating a 4x4 vehicle
perform pre-start checks of vehicle and equipment suitable to different terrains by checking loads and tyre pressure, selecting navigation aids and advising passengers of safety precautions
operate safely, a 4x4 vehicle, on unsealed road conditions and different terrain types, including negotiating steep slopes, by identifying hazards and assessing risks
use appropriate range, gear, speed, driving and braking techniques safely when operating a 4x4 vehicle on a steep slope
demonstrate safe use of a jack to support a 4x4 vehicle while changing a tyre under relevant road terrains and conditions within the operating environment
park and shut down 4x4 vehicle in line with manufacturer specifications and organisational requirements
perform and document operational maintenance as permitted by vehicle operator handbook.
A person competent in this unit must be able to demonstrate knowledge of:
four wheel drive operational information
structural differences between conventional two wheel drive and a four wheel drive including:
recovery hooks and mounting features
purpose and use of front wheel hubs
factors affecting tyre size, fitment, rating and pressure
applicable regulations, standards, codes of practice and established safe practices relevant to the operating a 4x4 vehicle
road rules, regulations, permit and licence requirements of the relevant state or territory
environmental protection requirements including the safe disposal of waste material
prestart checks for 4 x 4 vehicle on:
fuel, either diesel, gas or petrol
water
oil
brake and transmission fluid levels
battery water levels and electrolyte checks
tyres
belts
leads
hydraulic lines and connections
air cleaners
brakes
off-road safety equipment
traction devices
Types of communication equipment including:
personal location beacon (PLB)
flares
markers
phone
radio
V-Sheet
safe operating conditions for a 4 X 4 vehicle
interpreting weather conditions to determine suitability for driving
determining food, water, PPE (sunglasses, high-visibility vest, etc.) and clothing requirements for journey
selecting routes to minimise damage to the environment
on and off-road conditions
traffic pattern and density
visibility
loading of four-wheel drive, including techniques to reduce overloading
types of environmental risks and hazards associated with operating a 4x4 vehicle on unsealed roads including:
rocks and other unexpected obstacles
damage to vehicle
tidal influences
fire in vehicle
faulty brakes
leaking fuel
faulty steering mechanism on vehicle
animals and objects in vehicle path
crocodiles and snakes in some areas
windy or foggy sections of terrain
steep slopes
side slopes
slippery surfaces
land slides
overhead tree limbs
black ice
towing trailers
other vehicles
fallen trees, limbs and logs
icy terrain
flooded terrain
oil on road
parked vehicles on road
pedestrians on or near the road
poor visibility
4x4 driving techniques in different terrains including:
smooth
rough
uneven
slippery
wet
boggy
sandy
steep or hilly
rock
icy
snow
mud, including:
brown clay
black silt
salt pan mud
red
hard ground
water
operational knowledge of a 4x4 vehicle, including controls, instruments, indicators and their use
tyre management principles for checking, changing and maintenance
workplace communication channels and protocols
techniques for travelling in convoy
problem identification and resolution strategies, and common fault-finding techniques relevant to safely operating a four wheel drive vehicle
types of tools and equipment relating to a 4x4 vehicle, and procedures for their safe use and maintenance
maintenance equipment including spares and fluids
procedures for recording and reporting workplace information.
The following resources must be made available:
workplace location or simulated workplace offering conditions including different terrain on unsealed roads and steep slopes
materials and equipment relevant to undertaking work applicable to this unit, including manual or automatic four-wheel drive or all-wheel drive
specifications and work instructions relevant to workplace requirements and the safe operation of four wheel drive vehicles
personal protective equipment required for operating a four wheel drive on unsealed roads
relevant personnel for the purposes of communicating information.
Competency is to be assessed in the workplace or a simulated environment that accurately reflects performance in a real workplace setting.
Assessor requirements
Assessors must:
hold the appropriate assessor competency standards as outlined in regulations; and
be able to demonstrate vocational competencies at least to the level being assessed; and
be able to demonstrate how they are continuing to develop their VET knowledge and skills as well as maintaining their industry currency and assessor competence.