The range statement links the client, company and technical requirements to the context. It describes any contextual variables that will be used or encountered when applying the competency in work situations. It allows for different work practices and work and knowledge requirements as well as for differences between organisations and workplaces. The following variables are listed in alphabetical order and may be present for this particular unit.
Appropriate personnel may include:
clients
colleagues
external specialists
health and safety representatives
managers
OHS personnel
other persons including emergency service personnel, authorised or nominated by the enterprise or industry to:
perform specified work/functions
approve specified work
inspect specified work
direct specified work/functions
person(s) in control of work site(s)
supervisors.
Client requirements may include:
compliance under the terms and conditions of appointment
client negotiated outcomes arising from the undertaking of the risk analysis
client obligations arising under the terms and conditions associated with being the principal contractor and occupier
general duty of care provisions.
Company requirements may include:
access and equity policy, principles and practice
business and performance plans
client communication procedures
client confidentiality procedures
client service standards
communication channels and reporting procedures
company goals, objectives, plans, systems and processes
company issued identification badge/card/pass
company policy and procedures
company service standards
defined resource parameters
dress and presentation requirements
duty of care, code of conduct, code of ethics
emergency response and evacuation procedures
maintenance procedures for equipment and personal protective equipment (PPE)
OHS control procedures (e.g. health and safety plans, job plans, job safety analysis, risk assessments, safe operating practices/procedures, safe work instructions, work method statements, safe system of work statements)
OHS policies and procedures
personnel practices and guidelines
policies and procedures relating to own role, responsibility and delegation
quality and continuous improvement processes and standards
records and information systems and processes
rights and responsibilities of employees and employers
training (induction, refresher and new skills) materials
use of contractors
work site access security clearance procedures.
Consequence(s) of a hazard occurring rated in order of severity may include:
insignificant - no injuries, low financial loss
minor - First Aid treatment, on-site release immediately contained, medium financial loss
moderate - medical treatment required, on-site release contained with outside assistance, high financial loss
major - extensive injuries, loss of production capability, off-site release with no detrimental effects, major financial loss
catastrophic - death, toxic off-site release with detrimental effect, huge financial loss.
Environmental requirements may include:
Australian Standards
environmental policy and procedures
local government regulations/bylaws
state and federal environmental legislation.
Event(s) may include evidence of risk in relation to one or more of the following:
activity of a company
asset condition within the company
function of a company
production design, manufacture distribution and maintenance operations of the company
project management of a company.
Expert advice may include:
federal, state and local government regulatory authorities
private consultants appropriate to the risk being evaluated.
Hazards may include:
allergic reactions to chemicals or airborne contaminants
biological hazards such as blood and blood-stained products
biological waste
bites and stings
broken glass and other sharp surfaces
chemical containers and/or decanted chemical storage containers labelled incorrectly
chemical hazards
confined/restricted spaces
contaminated clothing, materials and/or equipment
damaged or inappropriate equipment
dust and fibres
electrical hazards arising from:
cables near scaffolding
faulty or absent earth leakage protection
maintenance faults
operation of overhead equipment such as cherry pickers
overhead powerlines
power cords, electrical fittings (switches and lights) and untested electrical equipment
wet environments
electrical or mechanical faults of plant and/or equipment including mobile plants
environmental hazards
environmental impact
ergonomic/mechanical hazards
extremes of heat and temperature
fatigue
fire and explosion
gas
heights
human waste (faeces, urine, vomit)
inadequate lighting and ventilation
infectious and zoonotic diseases e.g. scabies/Q fever
inhaling chemical fumes
leaks, spill, splash and spray
manual handling techniques including awkward and repetitive postures
mobile/vehicle hazards around plant and vehicles
moving and/or unguarded machinery and equipment
noise
obstructions or blocked exits
occupational violence and bullying
physical hazards
poor manual handling techniques
poor personal hygiene practices
pressured containers containing gas or chemicals
psychological hazards
radiation
repetitive motion, force and vibration
slippery or uneven floors
static and prolonged muscular activity
synergistic chemical reactions (hazardous incompatibility or reactivity)
syringes or other sharps
ultraviolet light
underfoot conditions e.g. slippery, uneven and rough surfaces
unlabelled chemicals and substances
unrestricted people access
untidy work areas
vehicle exhaust fumes particularly in areas of poor ventilation
vibration
waste and waste disposal
work in isolated/remote environments.
Hazard treatment(s) may include implementation of solutions such as:
substitution of an alternate piece of equipment over poorly designed equipment
training the work group in safe work procedures and wearing of PPE
use of a barrier to protect against heat exposure.
Hierarchy of control for management of risk includes:
hazard elimination treatment/controls
hazard substitution treatment/controls
hazard engineering treatment/controls
administrative treatment/controls including OHS and environmental training
PPE.
Identify hazards may include activities such as:
accessing manufacturer guidance information and manuals
application of job safety analysis procedures
assessing the severity of identified hazards and ranking according to risk, implementing controls appropriate to the level of risk assessed and within timeframes appropriate to the levels of risk assessed
briefing workplace safety inspectors or contracted OHS advisors
checking work area and/or equipment before and during work
consultation with employees, OHS representative, OHS committee
employment and induction procedures
environmental audits and monitoring
housekeeping
job and work system assessment
performing routine job hazard analysis
pre- and post-operational equipment checks
purchasing of supplies and equipment, for example review of material safety data sheets and manufacturer/supplier information, purchase of ergonomically sound equipment, etc
referencing government or industry hazard or safety alerts, including via industry association contacts and networks
regular maintenance of plant and equipment
reviews of OHS records, including registers of hazardous substances, dangerous goods, incident/accident reports, etc
risk assessment matrix application to evaluating risk
safety audits and monitoring
termination interviews
workplace inspections.
Information may include:
documents relating to company requirements
documents relating to legislative requirements.
Legislative requirements may include:
Australian Standards, quality assurance and certification requirements
award and enterprise agreements
codes of practice
national industry standards
relevant Commonwealth/state/territory legislation and local government regulations that affect company operation:
anti-discrimination and diversity
availability of chemical registers/manifests
chemical controls
consumer protection
environmental protection issues
equal employment opportunity
freedom of information
industrial equipment certificates of competency or licences
industrial relations
OHS Acts and regulations
privacy
trade practices
workplace consultative arrangements.
Likelihood in terms of risk evaluation relates to the probability or frequency with which an event occurs.
Loss events should be evaluated for potential outcomes for:
equipment damage
financial loss
loss
others forms of loss arising from exposure to risk in the workplace and/or environment
personal injury.
Occupational health and safety* (OHS) requirements may relate to:
communication devices for remote and isolated locations e.g. mobile phone, two-way radio, etc
dermatoxicological control and prevention measures
hazard identification and risk assessment mechanisms
hazard reporting
hazardous material disposal guidelines
hierarchy of hazard treatment/control procedures
injury, dangerous occurrence and incident reporting requirements
keeping access ways clear from obstruction
maintaining clear access ways
maintenance procedures for equipment and PPE
national industry standards/codes of practice
OHS control procedures (e.g. health and safety plans, job plans, job safety analysis, risk assessments, safe operating practices/procedures, safe work instructions, work method statements, safe system of work statements)
protection from hazardous substances, noise and dust
protection of people in the workplace
routes of entry and potential symptoms of exposure from chemicals
safety training (induction and refresher)
ultraviolet light
up-to-date electrical test and tag compliance
use of chemicals in accordance with labels
use, storage and maintenance of equipment in accordance with manufacturers' specifications and equipment operating manuals
use, storage and maintenance of personal protective equipment and clothing.
*Also known as workplace health and safety
OHS records and reports should include documented:
compliance and due diligence statement
First Aid/medical post records
hazardous substances registers
health surveillance and workplace environmental monitoring records
maintenance and testing reports
manufacturers' and suppliers' information, including MSDS and dangerous goods storage lists
monitoring and auditing documents
OHS audits and inspection reports
records of instruction and training
risk management policy statement
risk register
risk treatment and action plan
safety bulletins or notices
workers' compensation and injury management records.
OHS training may include:
awareness of duty of care provisions, legislative and company policy and procedures and standards
awareness of management responsibility
consultation in the workplace
controlling hazards and reviewing change
emergency response and evacuation training
induction training and refresher training
risk management training
specific hazard training
specific task or equipment training
the nature of hazards and hazard recognition (identification) and assessment of risk
training as part of broader programs, for example equipment operation.
Participative arrangements may include all levels of employees and, where appropriate, other stakeholders in:
employee performance feedback
formal and informal meetings
health and safety representative appointment
OHS committee appointment
organisational information, staff bulletins and notices
other special purpose committees, for example consultative, planning and purchasing
participation in risk evaluation processes
suggestions, requests, reports and concerns put forward by employees to management.
Regulatory and company documentation may include:
Acts, regulations, codes of practice, standards and guidance material
company policy and procedures
company records.
Risk analysis includes:
analysis of the likelihood, chance, frequency or probability of something happening that will have an impact upon work objectives
a process involving:
hazard identification
risk assessment
risk treatment/control
risk monitoring and evaluation
assessment of the real or possible outcome should something happen measured in terms of the nature and extent of harm or injury to the individual(s) and/or environment.
Risk analysis protocols may be selected on the following criteria:
Australian Standards, company standards and client standards
combination of quantitative or qualitative assessment tools as appropriate to the risks being assessed
company policy, procedures, goals, objectives and the interests of stakeholders
operational, technical, financial, legal, social, humanitarian or other criteria
the scope of the risk management project being undertaken.
Risk priority rating should consider:
cost-benefit analysis to determine acceptance or rejection of treatment
development of a risk action plan incorporating:
specification of the risk
summary of recommended response and anticipated impact
proposed actions
resources required
responsibilities
timing
reporting and monitoring requirements
monitoring plan for the implemented treatment option
person responsible for implementation of the option
possible risk treatments/controls in order of priority for resolution
preferred options for treatment of risks
priority listing of risks identified in the risk register
risk rating after treatment is implemented
signatories and dating of plan by the compiler and reviewer of the plan
timetable for implementation.
Stakeholders other than company management may include:
business operators and their employees in near proximity to company operations
client's staff
contractors and subcontractors
fellow workers (colleagues)
general public
venue/facility/building/shopping centre staff/management.
Work group members may include all stakeholders or a combination:
contractors authorised by the company to perform specific work functions
employees under direct supervision
entry-level trainees
full-time, part-time or casual employees
public authorised for entry on-site
trainee supervisors or trainee team leaders.
Work procedure(s) may include:
instructions general to the management of the enterprise, such as:
contracting of services
counselling/disciplinary processes
maintenance of plant and equipment
purchasing of supplies and equipment
specific safe work procedures
tendering of work
training
work procedures and work instructions.